Process of extracting oil.



No. 662,404. Patented Nov. 27', |900. E. n. E0s0N PROCESS 0F EXTRACTINGOIL.

(Application led Dec. 4, 1899.)

(No Modal.)

W/TNESSES Nrrnn STATES ArEN'r Enron.4

EUGENE E. EDsON, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, AssIeNOE To THE BUCKEYE EisHCOMPANY, OE SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF EXTRAOT|NG ou.'

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 662,404, datedNovember 27, 1900.

Application lled ljecember 4, 1899. Serial No. 739,105.` (No specimens.)

To all 11171/0711, t may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE R. EDsoN, a resident of Cleveland, county ofCuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in the Production of Oil from Fish or Parts of Fish; andIdo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in producing pure orsubstantially pure Oil from ish or from the oil-containing parts of shor other oil-containing material.

The object of this invention is to obtain a high-grade oil of thecharacter indicated at less cost and avoid the conversion of the oilextracted from the material undergoing treatment into an emulsion andprevent other injury to or deterioration of the oil.

With this object in view the in vention comprises certain steps andpeculiarities and combinations of steps hereinafter described, andpointed out in the claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate apparatus suitable for carrying outmyimproved process. Y

Figure I of the said drawings is a side elevation, mostly in centralvertical section, of the said' apparatus. Fig. Il is a side elevation,partly in section, of the lower end portion of the pipe employed inconducting air into the lower portion of the mass of material undergoingtreatment.

Referring to thedrawings, a designates an upright tank or receptacleinto which the iish or parts of fish that are to be treated areintroduced. The tank or receptacle CL has its lower end provided with adischarge pipe or outlet CZ, with which the chamber c of the receptaclea communicates. The outlet d constitutes the receptacles outlet for theguanoforming residue and is provided with a valve e for interrupting andestablishing communication from the chamber c through the pipe or outletcl.

The upper portion of the tank or receptacle a is gradually reduceddiametrically toward the receptacles upper extremity. The receptacle ais open at the upper end of its upperconical portionf, thatis providedwith the lateral aperture g, with which the feedspout h communicates.The feed-spout lz is in open relation, therefore, with the chamber c ofthe receptacle a, preferably at the upper end of the upper conicalportionf of the receptacle.

The tank or receptacle a is provided centrally with avertically-arranged or upright core i, that extends, preferably, from ashort distance above the upper conical portion of the said receptacleinto the lower portion of the receptacle. The core t is closed at itslower end and is supported from the shell of the receptacle o, in anyapproved manner.

The core t is hollow and a pipe or pipe-line m for conducting air underpressure into the lower portion of the chamber c of the receptacle a.extends vertically and centrally through the said core and is providedwithin its lower end withacheck-valve Q ),as shown in Fig. II, and witha seat q for the inner end of the valve and with a stop-forming liangeor lug fr for limiting the outward movement of the valve. The valve p isfree to move, therefore, in the direction required to establish openrelation between the pipe m and the chamber c of the receptacle c by anypressure within the said pipe m, but is closed and retained closed bythe pressure within the chamber c when there is no pressure in the pipem or when the pressure in the pipe m becomes less than the back pressurewith in the chamber c. The pipe 'm below the path of the check-valve isprovided with a cap or head n, that has numerous lateral perforations ororices n', and forms an annular screen that prevents ingress of solidmaterial from the chamberc into the pipe m and causes the air dischargedfrom the pipe m to be equally distributed in all directions laterallywithin the said chamber c. The pipe 'm extends outside of the receptaclec a suitable distance and is in open relation at its outer end with thechamber of a tank s, wherein air under pressure is stored and suppliedby a suitably-operated pump t, that has its outlet connected with thetank s in any approved manner and has its inlet communicating with theexternal atmosphere. The pipe m at any IOO suitable point between thetank s and the core t' is provided with a valve u for regulating thesupply of air under pressure to the chamber c.

The outlet CZ of the receptacle a is provided with a vaved drain-pipe wfor draining from the said receptacle any gelatin solution accum ulatingwithin the receptacle a, and the passage-way from the chamber@ throughthe pipe w is controlld-by the valve at, with which the said pipe isprovided.

The provision of the core t' centrally of the receptacle a renders theform of the chamber c annular around the said core. The annular form Aofchamber c is important to prevent solidifying or caking of the masswithin the receptacle. If the core were omitted, thematerial undergoingtreatment within the receptacle a would have a tendency to gather andcake into a solid mass within the central portion of the receptacle.Thepresence of the core 't' prevents such a caking or gathering of thematerial.

A valved water-supply pipe 8 is arranged to discharge into the upper endof the receptacle a..

The tank or receptacle d is arranged centrally ofa vertically-arrangedor upright tank 10, that is larger diametrically than the receptacle ct,so as to form an annular chamber 11, surrounding the said receptaclect.- The tank 10 extends from the lower end of the receptacle ctupwardly to near the upper end of the upper conical portion fof thereceptacle ct. The tank lOis supported in any approved manner, and thereceptacle d is suitablysupported from and internally of the tank 10.

A water-supply pipe 13 extends and discharges into the chamber 11 of thetank 10 below a trough 23, formed internally of the upper portion of thesaid tank. The pipe 13 has a valve 14 for controlling the supply ofwater to the chamber l1.

A steam-supply pipe 15 extends into the lower end of the chamber 11 andthere terminates in a coil 16, employed in heating the water supplied tothe said chamber. The

pipe 15 is provided with a valve 17 for coutrolling the supply of steamto the coil 16, and thel coil 16 is provided, preferably, with a valveddrain-pipe 18.

The bottom 19 of the chamber 11 declines toward the lower end of thereceptacle ct, and the chamber 11 at the lower portion of the bottom 19is' in open relation with the Valved drain-pipe 21.

As already indicated, a trough 23 is formed internally ofand upon theupper portion ofthe tank 10 a suitable distance above the watersupplypipe 13. The trough 23 is arranged only above the outer portion ot' thewater-receiving chamber 11 of the tank 10, and consequently the saidchamber extends upwardly between the trough and the upper conicalportion of the tank or receptacle'a. The bottom 24c of the troughdeclines toward the troughs outlet that is formed by ashort pipe 25,that has its inner-end communicating with the deepest portion of thetrough. Pipe 25 has its outer end connected by an elbow 26 with twovalved pipes 27 and 29.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The fish or parts of [ishthat are to be treated within the apparatus are introduced at the spouth into the tank or receptacle t after the operator has closed the valvee' of the receptacles outlet d and the valve :t of the drain-pipe w. Thevalve tt of the .airsupply pipe mis normallyclosed. The valve 9 of thewater-supply pipe S is normally closed. When the receptacle 0L has beensupplied with a suitable amount of material to be treated, the valve 9is opened, whereupon water will run from the pipe S upon the inaterialWithin the receptacle a, and such relative quantities of water and fis-hare introduced into the receptacle as will prevent caking'of the solidrmaterial in a vertical direction and will cause the said receptacle t0be filled too near thelattersupper extremity. Preferably hot water issupplied through the pipe 8. The level of the contents within thereceptacle is indicated by the dotted line 31, Fig. I, within the upperportion of the said receptacle. Having supplied the receptacle o, withthe material to be treated and. the sol'- vent-constituting water, theouter tank 10 has its annular chamber 11 supplied with water from thepipe 13 Vupon opening the valve let of the said pipe. The waterintroduced into the chamber 11 by the pipe 13 is preferably heated inany approved manner before it enters the said pipe. The desired levelof' water maintained within the chamber 11 is indicated. by the dottedline 32, Fig. I, within the upper end of the said chamber. The chamber11 having been supplied with water from the pipe 13, the valve 1'7 ofthe IOO steam-supply pipe 15 is opened, so as tov supply steam to theheating-coil 16, and the hot water supplied to the chamber 11'by thepipe 13 is quickly heated to a boiling temperature by the action of theheating-coil 16. The diameter of the receptacle a, is preferably abouttwo-thirds of the diameter of the tank. 10.

- In any event the diameter or transverse area of the receptacle ct issuch relative to the diameter or transverse area of the cham-ber 11 andthe boiling water within the chamber 11 is maintained at such atemperature that the mass of material within the chamber' c of thereceptacle ot shall be heated to and maintained at a comparatively hightemperature, but below the boiling-point.. A temperature of from 150o toabout 200o Fahrenheit isde-v sirable. A temperature as high or above theboiling-point should be avoided in the treatment of the mass of materialwithin the receptacle ct, because the treatment of the said materialwith a temperature as high as or above the boiling-point would result inthe conversion of the oil that is to be extracted from the material into,an emulsion and would discolor or otherwise injure the oil. During thetreat- IIO ment of the material within the receptacle ci with water oroiher suitable liquid at a suitable temperature below the, boilingpointthe scumforming impurities that constitute the lightest portion of themass risefirst and appear and accumulate on top of the mass within theupper end of the receptacle and overflow from the receptacles uppereXtremity down the external surface of the upper conical portion j' ofthe said receptacle onto the boiling water in the tank 10. Any matterescaping with the said scum from the receptacle u, and heavier than thewater within the chamber 11 of the tank 10 descends to the bottom of thesaid chamber, and that portion of the scum that is lighter than theboiling water is either vaporized or caused to overow from the top ofthe boiling water into the trough 23, whence it passes into pipe 25 andthence is conducted off bypipe 27, and of course preparatory to thereception of the scum by the trough the valve 28 of the pipe 27 isopened, if not already opened, and the valve 30 ofthe pipe 2t) isclosed, if not already closed. The Water-level maintained within thechamber 11 of the tank 10 should besuch relative to the trough 23 thatsuch portions of the scum as have not been precipitated within theboiling water nor evaporated upon the boiling water shall be at onceconducted to or caused to overflow into the trough 23. The oil extractedfrom the material Within thereceptacle d is the next lightest portionofthe mass ofl material undergoing treatment, and consequently rises intothe upper en d of the receptacle and causes any senm that has not yetoverowed from the recep tacle to overflow therefrom. As soon as the scumis removed from the receptacle a and conducted off by the pipe 27 thevalve 28 of the said pipe is closed and the valve 30 of the pipe 29opened. Oil extracted from the material within the receptacle CLcontinues to rise and ultimately overflow from the upper open end of thesaid receptacle and down the external surface of the Lipper conicalportion f of the receptacle onto the boiling water within the chamber 11of the tank 10. The steam rising from the boiling water through the oilfloating upon the water vaporizes the impurities in the. oil. Anyforeign matter passing with the oil to the boiling Water and heavierthan the oil and Water descends to the bot-tom of the chamber 11. Thelighter impurities contained in the oil are vaporized, as alreadyindicated, and purified oil overflows from the boiling water into thetrough 23. The desired level of boiling water within the chamber 11 canbe maintained by such a regulation of the valve 14 of the pipe 13 aswill first establish a suitable level and thereupon maintain the saidlevel during the boiling of the Water by establishing a continucus fiowof Waterfrom the pipe 13 into the chamber 11 equal to the quantity ofwater continually passing olf in the form of steam during the operationof the water. The* oil is floated on top of the boiling Water for abouttwo hours and caused to overliow by causing more water to liow into thechamber 11 from the pipe 13. As soon as the extracted oil that hasreadily risen has overfiowed from the receptacle a without requiring anyassistance' from an external agency or as soon as the dow of oil fromthe material undergoing treatment wit-hin the receptacle d becomes slowand rises with difficulty on account of thel gradual decrease in thequantityof the oil remaining with the material air under pressure isintroduced through the pipe m into the lower portion of the chamber ofthe receptacle d upon opening the valve u of the said pipe, andobviously the provision of the said pipe with the head n and the lattersannular screen causes the air to be discharged laterally into everyportion of the lower end of the chamber, and the air discharged from thesaid head rises into and disintegrates the material and forces theremaining oil or facilitates the iicw of oil to the top of the masswithin the receptacle d. The operation of the apparatus maybe continuedby so regulating the valve 9 of the water-sup ply pipe 8 or opening thesaid valve at suitable intervals of time as to maintain such a level ofthe mass of material within the receptacle a or to reestablish thedesired level as will accommodate a continuation of' the dow of oil fromthe upper end of the receptacle a until all,or snbstantially,all of theoil has been extracted from the oil-containing material. The residueremainingin the chamber c of the receptacle u, after the separation ofthe desired oil and the gelatin-forming substance from the mass withinthe said chamber is drawn off through the outlet d upon opening thevalve c and forms guano or fertilizer.

Any solid matter that has accumulated upon the bottom 19 of the chamber11 of the tank 10 is removable from the said chamber through the pipe 21upon opening the valve 22 of the said pipe.

The apparatus employed in carrying out the hereinbefore-describedimprovements in the production of oil from [ish or parts of fish orother material constitutes the subjectmatter of an application, SerialNo. 736,401, filed by me in the United States Patent Office November 9,1899.

What I claim is- 1. The process of producing oil from material of thecharacter indicated comprising, first, the extraction of the oil fromthe oilcontaining material, and, secondly, the floating ofthe extractedoil upon a body of boiling water and treating the oil with the steamrising from the body of boiling water to effect the purification of theoil.

2. The process hereinbefore described of producing oil from material ofthe character indicated, consisting, first, in extracting the oilfromthe material at a comparatively high temperature lower than 212oFahrenheit,.and, secondly, in removing the extracted oil to a IOO IIO

IZO

body of boiling Water-and there permitting the heavier impuritiesaccompanying the oil g l pose set forth..

, to settle in the body of Water and separating or removing the lighterimpurities contained fish and parts of fish, comprising, first, the

in the oil by vaporizing the said lighter impurities by the steam risingfrom the body of boiling Water.

An improvement in producing oil from material of the characterindicated, comprising the extraction of the oil from the material by asuitable treatment of the material with a suitable liquid, such, forinstance, as Water, and the introduction of air into the mass undergoingtreatment.

4. An improvement in producing oil from fish and parts of fish,comprising the treatment of the oil-containing material With a suitableliquid, such, for instance, as water, at a suitabletemperature below 212Fahrenheit and introducing air vunder pressure into t the lower portionof the mass undergoing treatment, substantially as and for the pur- 5.An improvement in producing oil from extraction of the oil from theoil-containing material and, secondly, iioating the eX- trac'ted oilupon a body'of boiling Water within a tank or container having anoil-overflow, and maintaining the required level of liquid Within thesaid container by feeding Water into the containerduring the treatmentof the oil with the steam rising from the boiling Water.

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this 31st 35 l day of October, 1899.

EUGENE R. EDSON.

Witnesses:

C. H. DORER, A. H. PERRATT.

